Potato yields in Eastern Africa are facing challenges due to a shortage of quality seed, yet a new hybrid breeding initiative in Kenya seeks to address this issue. Led by the International Potato Center (CIP) and Dutch seed company HZPC, the One-to-One project is focused on creating adaptable potato hybrids. The initiative aims to improve the accessibility and resilience of potato seed systems across the continent.
Potatoes hold major importance in Kenya, considered the nation's second staple crop, employing around two million individuals and contributing over half a billion U.S. dollars to the economy annually. However, in the past six years, yields have dropped dramatically from 21 to seven tons per hectare. The core issue lies in the lack of quality seed access, with less than five percent of farmers using certified seed and the majority relying on degenerated recycled seed.
"For farmers, this is not just a crisis but a chance to rethink potato breeding," state Thiago Mendes of CIP and Harmen den Braber of HZPC, as they launch Africa's largest hybrid potato breeding project in Kenya. By utilizing CIP's genetic pools and integrating them with HZPC's commercial lines, the initiative aims to create climate-resilient hybrids suited for African conditions. "We want potatoes to reach more farmers in more regions," adds den Braber, emphasizing the importance of making high-quality seed affordable and accessible.
Hybrid breeding and true potato seed (TPS) offer potential solutions. Unlike traditional tuber propagation, TPS involves growing potatoes from botanical seeds, which are lightweight and disease-free, reducing distribution costs. "In East Africa, where seed systems cannot keep up with demand, TPS would be a game-changer," suggests den Braber.
While the move towards hybrid breeding presents challenges due to its complexity, the collaboration between CIP and HZPC stands out. CIP contributes significant scientific expertise and a vast collection of potato diversity, while HZPC adds commercial insight and processing knowledge. This public-private partnership could pave the way for impactful innovation in the sector.
The ambitious partnership aims to ensure that all inbred lines developed remain public goods, readily available to national programs. This open approach, combined with the private sector's involvement, could catalyze rapid advancements, positioning Eastern Africa as a hub for modern potato breeding innovation.
Source: CIP
