The dynamic landscape of potato cultivation has experienced notable shifts, driven by climate variations, evolving trade practices within Europe, and changing consumer preferences towards processed potatoes. At the professional conference "Current Issues and Practices of Seed Potato Propagation" in Berzence, organized by Solanum Kft, these developments were explored extensively.
"Consumption habits show that people are eating fewer and fewer potatoes, replaced by sweet potatoes and other superfoods," remarked György Varga Jr., co-managing director of Solanum Kft.
Hungarian growers face challenges due to stringent regulations, particularly in plant protection, with limitations on fertilizers, protection products, and weed control measures like metribuzin being withdrawn. This framework complicates competitiveness in the market.
György Varga Jr. observed, "A lot of farmers, especially young or middle-aged ones, are looking for a way out because they see that grain is no longer worth dealing with. Potatoes, on the other hand, are still a choice that few plants can provide comparable income from." However, inadequate experience leads to poor harvests, storage issues, and a compromised market position.
The yield per hectare in Hungary averages 24 tons annually, with market viability beginning at 45 tons. The ecological optimum for potato farming is cooler temperatures around 18-21 degrees, with sufficient water supply being crucial to offset high-temperature challenges, a scenario well-managed in African countries like Kenya.
Adaptation strategies include adjusting planting schedules, considering irrigation, and selecting appropriate varieties. Hungarian varieties suited to local climates often outperform foreign ones. "The yield potential is also in the Hungarian varieties," explained György Varga Jr., citing the exhibit of 54 varieties at the Berzence conference.
Regarding peel preference, there's no specified difference impacting consumer choices, with market history favoring red-skinned varieties locally. In Western Europe, processing potatoes is gaining ground, highlighting a shift that could benefit Hungary's sector. Establishing a processing industry with assured financing, contracts, and a stable market could stabilize production.
Amidst climatic extremes, including adverse weather conditions this year, seed tuber production remains vital. György Varga Jr. stated, "Every plant feels this, but for us, seed tuber production is a priority area; we are prepared for it, so we irrigate it and give it everything we can," underscoring the importance of sustained investment in quality and certified production.
Source: Argenpapa
