In California, responsible for 99 percent of US pistachio production, pistachio harvest is in full swing. This year is an off-year for pistachio trees, which means supplies are down. First indications show that production will be lower than what is expected of an average off-year. “Two main culprits are impacting this year’s lower supplies,” says Richard Matoian with American Pistachio Growers.
Lack of chilling hours
“First of all, chilling hours are a necessary requirement for pollination of pistachio trees.” This year’s mild winter didn’t see enough chilling hours and as a result, there was insufficient overlap between male and female trees for pollination. This is resulting in low production,” said Matoian.
Water shortage during nut-fill period
California’s lack of water is also impacting yields. Pistachio trees form a shell first and during a later stage, the nut fills the shell. “The nut-fill period is a critical time and the availability of nutrients and water are key for the tree to grow a nut in the shell,” mentioned Matoian. Due to the lack of water, many trees are only producing shells and as a result, the share of blanks has increased significantly. “Harvest is still going on, so it is hard to share a final number, but for some growers, the share of blanks in some orchards are as high as 70 percent,” declared Matoian.
Tight supplies
Between September 1, 2014 and August 31, 2015 California exported 61 percent of its pistachio production. China is the number one market for the US, followed by the European Union. “Iran is the US’ main competitor and we are at a disadvantage in China because of Iran’s proximity to China,” said Matoian. This year’s lower yields in combination with strong demand will result in tight supplies. “However, we still have some carry-over nuts from last year that will slightly increase supplies. Iran had a record-crop in 2014, causing demand for US pistachios to drop. In addition, the west coast port strike had a big impact on the US’ ability to export to China,” finished Matoian.
For more information:
Richard Matoian
American Pistachio Growers
Phone: (+1) 559-475-0435