U.S. pumpkin data from the USDA's 2021–2024 series shows shifting patterns in value, acreage, yields, and per-capita availability across the main producing States.
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Production value varied across the four years. California's value moved from about 24 million dollars in 2021 to 26.8 million dollars in 2024. Illinois ranged from roughly 23 million dollars in 2021 to 20.6 million dollars in 2024. Indiana posted the strongest 2024 result at 41.0 million dollars, up from around 27 million dollars in 2023. Michigan's 2024 value was 16.9 million dollars, and Pennsylvania rose to 32.0 million dollars in 2024.
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Acreage trends showed both expansion and contraction. California harvested 4,700 acres (1,902 ha) in 2024. Illinois remained the largest acreage State, recording 15,400 acres (6,232 ha) in 2024 after peaking in 2022. Indiana reached 7,100 acres (2,873 ha) in 2024, while Michigan recorded 5,100 acres (2,064 ha). Pennsylvania increased to 6,800 acres (2,752 ha) in 2024.
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Production volume reflects similar variability. California produced 106 million pounds (53,000 tons / 48,080,752 kg) in 2024. Illinois remained dominant but declined to 485 million pounds (242,500 tons / 219,992,120 kg) in 2024 after levels above 650 million pounds in prior years. Indiana reached 160 million pounds (80,000 tons / 72,574,720 kg) in 2024. Michigan and Pennsylvania recorded 105 million pounds (52,500 tons / 47,627,160 kg) and 109 million pounds (54,500 tons / 49,441,528 kg), respectively.
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Yield data show movement across the States. California's yield fell to 22.5 thousand pounds (10,206 kg) per acre in 2024. Illinois recorded 31.5 thousand pounds (14,288 kg) per acre in 2024, down from 45 thousand pounds (20,412 kg) per acre in 2023. Indiana's yield stood at 22.5 thousand pounds (10,206 kg) per acre in 2024. Michigan increased to 20.5 thousand pounds (9,299 kg) per acre, while Pennsylvania reached 16 thousand pounds (7,257 kg) per acre.
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Pricing remained variable across the States. California received 257 dollars per 1,000 pounds (453.592 kg) in 2024. Illinois recorded 42.6 dollars per 1,000 pounds (453.592 kg). Indiana's farm price reached 258 dollars per 1,000 pounds (453.592 kg). Michigan posted 162 dollars per 1,000 pounds (453.592 kg), while Pennsylvania saw the highest 2024 level at 296 dollars per 1,000 pounds (453.592 kg).
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Processing versus fresh market data shows State-level specialization. California's reported harvest share is fully fresh. Illinois shows 31.5 per cent fresh and the rest processing. Indiana recorded 99.8 per cent fresh, and Pennsylvania 97.2 per cent fresh. Data for Michigan were not reported to prevent disclosure.
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National availability per capita ranged between roughly 3 and 6 pounds from 2001 to 2024, with 2024 showing around 5 pounds per person.
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USDA Census data for 2022 indicate that fresh-market pumpkin farm numbers exceeded 1,000 in States such as New York, Pennsylvania, and Michigan, reinforcing the broad geographic footprint of the crop.
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