In Lebanon, the agricultural sector is confronting severe drought conditions. Farmer Salem Abdallah reflects on the situation, stating, "This year, the earth has turned against us." The drought has severely impacted groundwater levels and crop viability across the region.
Meteorological data from Beirut's Rafic Hariri International Airport indicate a drastic reduction in rainfall this winter. Precipitation levels in Beirut decreased from 520 mm to 242 mm, in Tripoli from 540 mm to 247 mm, and in Zahle from 285 mm to 149 mm.
Geologist Jamal Khair attributes these changes to climate change, noting, "The Earth's temperature has already exceeded 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial levels." This escalation leads to altered weather patterns, prolonged droughts, and increased heat waves.
Agricultural engineer Ghayath Hamdan highlights the consequences for crop yields and quality, stating, "Fruits and vegetables are smaller, weaker, and more susceptible to disease." Farmers face rising irrigation costs, with some like Omar Al-Khatib reporting an eight percent increase in expenses.
The Litani River, a critical water source, has also been affected. Farmer Talal Abu Fares observes, "The Litani has turned into a mere stream." Sami Alawieh, director general of the National Authority of the Litani River, confirms a reduction in Qaraoun Lake's water level, impacting both irrigation and hydroelectric power.
Water rationing measures have been introduced, affecting not only agriculture but also household water supply. Hamdan remarks, "People forget that drought doesn't just affect farmers. It affects all of us, our drinking water, sanitation, even our daily lives."
In response, Lebanon's caretaker Agriculture Minister Abbas Hajj Hassan has initiated the National Drought Management Plan with the Arab Organization for Agricultural Development. The plan seeks to address the drought's economic and environmental impacts and enhance cooperation with regional partners. Hajj Hassan emphasizes the importance of "joint Arab action" for addressing climate challenges and securing food resources.
Source: Xinhua