In the higher regions above Srinagar, villages such as Dara, Harwan, and Shalimar have been synonymous with cherry orchards, woven into both the economic and cultural fabric of the community. The impact of climate change, however, is threatening this agricultural heritage.
Jeelani Bhat, a cherry farmer, has witnessed these changes. "In the past two years, I harvested 550 to 600 boxes when cherry farming was thriving," he stated. This year, production forecasts suggest just 350 to 400 boxes will be harvested, with prices dropping to approximately $0.72 per kilogram.
The weather's unpredictability is a primary concern. Cherries bloom in March or April, but increasingly erratic weather patterns disrupt this cycle. Persistent rain and hailstorms have damaged this year's crop. Bhat said, "Cherries require timely watering, but the harsh weather and rains have left visible stains on the fruit."
Once prolific in different cherry varieties, Bhat's orchards now only support the Mishri variety, due to its resilience. The broader cherry yield in Kashmir has suffered, with a 75% reduction reported in 2023.
Saddam Khan, another farmer, faces financial challenges. Weather conditions have affected cherry quality, with market prices falling to approximately $0.60 to $0.72 per box, down from around $1.56. Mohd Younis, another grower, noted the decline in workers due to reduced yields. "Earlier, by this time, the workers would have harvested around 700 boxes." Younis now considers selling parts of his land.
Umer Azam, who operates 26 cherry farms, echoed these sentiments. "The main culprit is climate change," he remarked. Despite efforts like protective nets and pesticides, solutions have been elusive.
Dr. Auroosa Khalil from SKUAST Kashmir elaborated on the climatic shifts' detrimental effects, noting that cherries require specific chilling requirements now unmet due to climate change. Rising temperatures are impeding proper fruit setting, with blooming occurring before suitable conditions.
The decline in cherry production adversely impacts transporters, packaging workers, and local sellers. Abdul Rasheed, from the Traders Union, highlighted decreased yields and quality affecting market dynamics. Some farmers, like Ghulam Mohammad, are transitioning to alternative crops such as strawberries and vegetables.
The challenges presented by climate change necessitate attention from local authorities, policymakers, and climate experts globally. The fate of cherry farming in Kashmir is uncertain, prompting calls for innovation and intervention.
Source: Kashmir Times