Climate change presents a challenge for Türkiye, with its effects increasingly impacting agricultural output. Adaptation through technology is essential. Global methods like fogging, wind turbines, and heating systems for frost prevention are underutilized in Türkiye. Efficient irrigation systems, crucial for combating drought, also lack attention.
In regions like Konya, known as the granary of Türkiye, water-intensive crops such as sugar beet, potatoes, corn, and sunflowers are cultivated despite water scarcity. From 2002 to 2020, sunflower cultivation in Konya expanded from 21,448 hectares to 270,316 hectares, with production increasing from 9,200 tons to 278,000 tons. Sugar beet cultivation rose from 257,000 hectares to 370,458 hectares, with production growing from 3.4 million tons to 7.2 million tons. Conversely, legumes, requiring less water, saw a decline from 485,622 hectares to 275,997 hectares, with production dropping from 147,000 tons to 129,000 tons.
Insurance plays a role in mitigating the impacts of natural disasters. However, Türkiye's insurance system is not fully utilized. According to Turkish Natural Catastrophe Insurance (DASK), half of the households lack compulsory earthquake insurance, despite the country's vulnerability. The Union Insurance and Reinsurance Companies of Türkiye reports over 29 million registered vehicles, yet one-fifth lack compulsory traffic insurance. In agriculture, the TARSIM Agricultural Insurance mechanism is underused. Though the cultivable area increased to 23.4 million hectares, only 3.6 million hectares are insured. Despite over 3 million policies, only 22% of farmers engage with TARSIM.
Early warning systems are critical. The MGM provides risk maps for drought, frost, and other threats, but dissemination and active use are necessary. Collaboration among the public, business, education sectors, and NGOs can promote sustainable practices like planned production and insurance. Engaging producers in these practices is vital for sustainability.
Climate change remains a persistent threat. Initiatives like the "Green Development Movement," supported by the president, aim to transform this threat into an opportunity. Revisiting and developing a law specific to Türkiye inclusively is crucial. Without action, Türkiye may face escalating challenges from droughts, floods, and fires.
Source: Daily Sabah